ABSTRACT
Coronavirus COVID-19 is an extraordinary event that can be categorized as a subcategory of Supply Chain (SC) disruptions. This pandemic has impacted supply chains differently, depending on the produced item, the industry, and the role of firms along the supply chains. Several studies, that emerged during the last 2 years, have analyzed the impact of COVID-19 on supply chains and firms, and the strategies adopted to cope with the pandemic. In addition to several resilience strategies, papers also highlighted the key role of digitalization to support firms in building more effective resilience strategies. The literature on the topic is however still fragmented. To overcome this fragmentation, our chapter offers a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), which investigates, in particular, the impacts of COVID-19 on Supply Chain Management (SCM) areas and actors, the SC resilience strategies which can enable firms to cope with the pandemic, and the role of digitalization. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
ABSTRACT
Over the recent years, the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) has evolved very rapidly and a large number of disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) are now available. However, most DMTs are associated with adverse events, the most frequent of which being infections. Consideration of all DMT-associated risks facilitates development of risk mitigation strategies. An international focused workshop with expert-led discussions was sponsored by the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis (ECTRIMS) and was held in April 2021 to review our current knowledge about the risk of infections associated with the use of DMTs for people with MS and NMOSD and corresponding risk mitigation strategies. The workshop addressed DMT-associated infections in specific populations, such as children and pregnant women with MS, or people with MS who have other comorbidities or live in regions with an exceptionally high infection burden. Finally, we reviewed the topic of DMT-associated infectious risks in the context of the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Herein, we summarize available evidence and identify gaps in knowledge which justify further research.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Multiple Sclerosis , Neuromyelitis Optica , Child , Female , Humans , Multiple Sclerosis/therapy , Neuromyelitis Optica/epidemiology , Pandemics , Pregnancy , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
Recent outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has provided strong impetus to supply chain resilience research. In a volatile and uncertain business environment, resilience can be incorporated by developing and implementing effective risk mitigation strategies. In this research, risk mitigation strategies for environmentally sustainable clothing supply chain have been prioritised by considering their efficacy to mitigate various risks. Twelve risks and thirteen mitigation strategies, identified through literature review and experts' opinion, are considered as decision criteria and alternatives respectively. Fuzzy Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solutions (fuzzy TOPSIS) is implemented under a group decision making scenario for prioritising the strategies. Developing supply chain agility; multiple green sourcing and flexible capacities; adoption of green practices; building trust, coordination and collaboration; and alignment of economic incentives and revenue sharing are found to be dominant risk mitigation strategies for environmentally sustainable clothing supply chain. These strategies have been viewed through the lens of resource dependence, change management and transaction cost theories. Organisation desirous to build resilience in their supply chain can prioritise the risk mitigation strategies and adopt a portfolio of strategies based on the outcome of this research.